Indigenous people of area bible assigned to Hebrew people under moses? Who are identified in Egyptian and other texts circa 1500 be or earlier?
Indigenous Peoples of Canaan Before the Hebrew Settlement
The land that the Bible describes as being assigned to the Hebrew people under Moses was inhabited by numerous well-documented indigenous populations, identified through both ancient Near Eastern texts and archaeological evidence dating to 1500 BCE and earlier.
The Indigenous Canaanite Populations
According to biblical and archaeological sources, the primary indigenous inhabitants of Canaan included seven main groups, often referred to as the "Seven Nations" in biblical literature:
The Canaanites served as both a broad collective term for all inhabitants of the region and a specific designation for particular groups within Canaan. Archaeological evidence shows that Canaanites were established in the region during the Early Bronze Age, developing strongly defended cities and trade relationships with Egypt.
The Hittites (Hebrew: חתי, ḥty) were descendants of Heth, son of Canaan. They are described in biblical texts as dwelling "in the mountains" and "towards the north" of Canaan. Modern scholarship suggests these may have been connected to Anatolian populations who moved south into Canaan during the Late Bronze to Early Iron Age transition, possibly as part of the Sea Peoples migrations.
The Amorites represented a significant cultural influence across the ancient Near East, with archaeological evidence suggesting certain aspects of Canaanite society, including architecture, crafts, and language, originated with Amorite peoples from eastern Syria. The Execration Texts reveal numerous Amorite names for rulers and sites in Syria and Canaan.
The Jebusites controlled Jerusalem (originally called "Jebus") and continued to inhabit the city until King David's conquest around 1000 BCE. They represent one of the clearest examples of indigenous populations that maintained control of their territories well into the biblical period.
The Hivites, Perizzites, and Girgashites round out the traditional list of seven nations, though less detailed information exists about these specific groups in ancient texts.
Egyptian Documentation of Canaanite Peoples
The Execration Texts (c. 1900-1700 BCE)
The most important early Egyptian documentation comes from the Execration Texts, magical ritual texts dating to the Middle Kingdom period. These texts, written on pottery bowls and figurines that were ritually broken and buried, list foreign enemies and rulers that Egypt feared.
The Execration Texts provide evidence of:
Organized city-states in Canaan by the 19th-18th centuries BCE
Specific rulers like "the ruler of Shechem, Ibish/Abesh-Hadad"
A transition from tribal structures toward urban city-state organization
Recent radiocarbon dating suggests these texts should be synchronized with the Middle Bronze II period rather than earlier chronologies, indicating they reflect the contemporary reality of Canaanite settlement patterns during this era.
The Amarna Letters (c. 1360-1335 BCE)
The Amarna Letters represent diplomatic correspondence between Egyptian pharaohs Amenhotep III and Akhenaten and various Canaanite city-state rulers. These 382 cuneiform tablets, discovered at Tell el-Amarna, provide detailed insight into the political landscape of Late Bronze Age Canaan.
Key information from the Amarna Letters includes:
Names and locations of numerous Canaanite rulers and city-states
Evidence of Egyptian control over Canaan through vassal relationships
References to groups called Habiru or 'Apiru, often interpreted as nomadic peoples disrupting Canaanite settlements
The letters reveal a land in political upheaval, with Canaanite kings requesting Egyptian military assistance against various threats, including these nomadic groups that some scholars connect to early Hebrew populations.
The Merneptah Stele (c. 1208 BCE)
The Merneptah Stele contains the earliest undisputed reference to "Israel" as a people group. This Egyptian victory monument states: "Israel is laid waste, its seed is no more". Significantly, the hieroglyphic determinative marks Israel as a people rather than a city-state, distinguishing it from other entries like Ashkelon, Gezer, and Yanoam, which are marked as settlements.
This suggests that by 1208 BCE, Israel was recognized as an established people group in Canaan, distinct from the traditional Canaanite city-state structure.
Archaeological Evidence of Pre-Israelite Occupation
Archaeological surveys and excavations have revealed extensive evidence of indigenous occupation throughout Canaan during the Middle and Late Bronze Ages (c. 2000-1200 BCE):
Urban Development: Major Canaanite cities like Hazor, Megiddo, and Gezer show continuous occupation and sophisticated urban planning during this period. Hazor, described as "the largest and most important site in Canaan at the time the Israelites entered the land," was ten times larger than contemporary sites.
Technological Sophistication: The discovery of massive water systems, such as the one at Gezer dating to as early as 2000 BCE, demonstrates advanced engineering capabilities among Canaanite populations. These systems represent "nothing this massive from the Middle Bronze Age anywhere in the Ancient Near East".
Cultural Continuity: DNA analysis of ancient Canaanite remains shows genetic continuity between Bronze Age populations and modern inhabitants of the Levant. A 2017 study examining 73 individuals from five Canaanite sites demonstrated that "present-day Lebanese derive most of their ancestry from a Canaanite-related population".
The Hyksos Period and Migration Patterns
The period from approximately 1700-1550 BCE saw significant demographic changes in the region with the rise of the Hyksos dynasties in Egypt. These rulers, described as "rulers of foreign lands," were largely of Semitic/Canaanite origin and established control over both Egypt and much of Canaan.
The Hyksos period represents a time when Canaanite peoples achieved unprecedented political power, controlling trade routes and establishing diplomatic relationships across the eastern Mediterranean. Their eventual expulsion from Egypt around 1550 BCE led to renewed Egyptian imperial control over Canaan.
Synthesis: A Multicultural Landscape
The evidence reveals that pre-Israelite Canaan was inhabited by a diverse but culturally related group of peoples who shared Semitic languages and many cultural practices. As one biblical scholar notes, "the Canaanites were a multicultural amalgamation of people who shared many traits in common", reflecting the region's position as a crossroads between major civilizations.
This archaeological and textual evidence demonstrates that the land described in biblical texts as promised to the Hebrew people was indeed occupied by well-established, technologically sophisticated, and politically organized indigenous populations for centuries before the emergence of Israel as a recognizable entity in the late 13th century BCE.
Before the Hyksos expulsion from Egypt, who were indigenous to the region within the territory given to Moses?
Before the Hyksos expulsion from Egypt (c. 1550 BCE), the region corresponding to the biblical land assigned to Moses—that is, Canaan—was inhabited by a mix of indigenous Canaanite peoples and related groups. The Canaanites were the main indigenous population, and their territory covered much of modern Israel, Palestine, western Jordan, Lebanon, and southwestern Syria.
Key Indigenous Peoples Before the Hyksos Expulsion
Canaanites: The primary indigenous group, speakers of a Northwest Semitic language closely related to ancient Hebrew and Phoenician. They lived in fortified city-states such as Jericho, Hazor, Megiddo, Gezer, Shechem, and Byblos and were noted for their advanced urban and trade networks.
Amorites: A major Semitic people who became dominant in Canaan during the Middle Bronze Age (c. 2000–1550 BCE). They originated from the northeast and settled throughout Canaan, frequently mentioned alongside or as a subgroup of the Canaanites.
Hurrians (Horites): Entered the region from the north during the Middle Bronze Age and are often linked with the biblical Horites. Archaeologically, they are attested especially in parts of the northern Levant.
Other groups (Girgashites, Jebusites, Hivites, Perizzites, Hittites): These “Canaanite tribes” are listed in biblical sources (e.g., Genesis 15, Exodus 3, Joshua 3) and represent subgroups or related city-state populations within greater Canaan.
Social and Political Structure
The territory was not unified but consisted of independent city-states and confederations ruled by local kings, as shown in both ancient Egyptian records and archaeological excavations.
Canaanite cities and regions developed complex cultures, agricultural practices, and international trade, particularly with Egypt and Mesopotamia.
Habiru and Early Hebrews
Egyptian and Canaanite texts from the period also mention the “Habiru” or “Apiru”—migrant groups, mercenaries, and social outcasts living on the fringes of settled society. Some—though not all—scholars connect these groups etymologically or historically with the later Hebrews, but the Canaanites themselves formed the core settled population prior to the Israelite influx.
Summary Table: Major Indigenous Groups c. 1550 BCE
Group Region/City Examples Modern Equivalent Notes
Canaanites Hazor, Megiddo, Gezer, Jericho Israel, Palestine, Lebanon Main urban population; advanced city-states
Amorites Central/Northern Canaan West Syria, Israel Semitic; migration from northeast
Hurrians/Horites Northern Canaan, foothills Southern Lebanon, N Israel Known as Horites in Bible; from north
Hivites/Girgashites/Jebusites/
The region before the Israelite conquest, and prior to the Hyksos expulsion, was thus inhabited by a mosaic of Canaanite and related Semitic populations with deep, urbanized, and sophisticated cultural roots.
Related
Which groups lived in Canaan before Hyksos control
Archaeological evidence for Early Bronze Age inhabitants
How Egyptian records describe Canaanite peoples
Timeline of inhabitants in the Levant up to 1700 BCE
Differences between Canaanites, Amorites, Habiru, and Phoenicians
Differences between Canaanites, Amorites, Habiru, and Phoenicians
The Canaanites, Amorites, Habiru, and Phoenicians were distinct but at times overlapping peoples of the ancient Near East, especially within the area later assigned to Moses.
Canaanites
Definition: The main indigenous population of the Levant (modern Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, western Jordan, and southwestern Syria).
Language/Culture: Northwest Semitic language; early urban civilization with city-states (Jericho, Hazor, Gezer, Megiddo).
Timeline: From the 3rd millennium BCE, dominant throughout Middle and Late Bronze ages, continuing into Iron Age.
Notes: "Canaanite" in the Bronze Age refers to city-dwellers, farmers, and coastal traders; the term later also includes the Phoenicians as the coastal branch.
Amorites
Definition: A major Semitic people who migrated from the northeast (Syria-Mesopotamia) and settled in Canaan beginning in the Early Bronze Age.
Language/Culture: Semitic, closely related to Canaanite; established powerful city-states further north and west (Hazor, Kadesh, Mari, Ugarit).
Timeline: ~2300–1550 BCE especially, blending in with and strongly influencing Canaanite culture.
Notes: Sometimes "Amorite" is used in ancient sources to refer to all western Semites or mountainous hinterland groups, especially during periods of migration and conquest.
Habiru (Apiru)
Definition: The "Habiru" or "Apiru" were not an ethnicity but a social class—migrant laborers, mercenaries, and sometimes outlaws.
Language/Culture: No single language or origin; described in Egyptian and Mesopotamian records as a mobile underclass that included runaway peasants, refugees, and hired soldiers.
Timeline: Referenced from the 2nd millennium BCE in Sumerian, Akkadian, and Egyptian texts; present during the Amarna Period in Canaan (c. 14th century BCE).
Notes: Some scholars connect "Habiru" to the earliest Hebrews, but this is debated. Habiru were rootless and moved between city-states as circumstances allowed.
Phoenicians
Definition: The Iron Age coastal descendants of the Canaanites, noted for maritime trade and the purple dye industry.
Language/Culture: Northwest Semitic, essentially Canaanite; famed for cities such as Tyre, Sidon, Byblos, and later Carthage.
Timeline: Flourished from c. 1200 BCE onward (Iron Age) until Roman conquest.
Notes: While "Phoenician" was a Greek term for the coastal "purple people," they regarded themselves as Canaanites and are essentially the same ethnic group.
Summary Table
Group Origin/Identity Main Region Characteristic Period
Canaanites Indigenous Semitic Levant, urban centers City-builders, farmers Bronze–Iron Age
Amorites Migrating Semitic Syria, N. Mesopotamia, Canaan Pastoralists, conquerors EB II–MB–LB
Habiru Social class (not ethnic) Various Near East Migrant laborers, mercenaries MB–LB
Phoenicians Descendants of Canaanites Coastal Levant (Tyre, Sidon) Sailors, traders Iron Age
Canaanites and Amorites were ethnic, sometimes overlapping terms for settled and migrating Semitic peoples.
Habiru were a marginalized social class, often mobile and without fixed homeland, distinct from true ethnic groups
Saturday, October 11, 2025
Indigenous people of area bible assigned to Hebrew people under Moses
Wednesday, September 17, 2025
Drunkin facebook rant 17 September 2025
STRANGE PATTERN
I'm writing the Trump Card book series. Did during the first administration, now four books in on the 2nd administration.Donald Trump was talking to me on Instagram... until I mentioned that book 4 was being published.
Suddenly, his account vanished.
I had been talking with Elon Musk on Instagram for quite a while.
He asked for pix of the current series books ... sent them (all 4)
Then we got into discussing something in book five... genealogy stuff related to Charlie Kirk and Erika ...
He tried to video chat with me -- but I was asleep, so I didn't know until the next day ... I wrote him, ...
SUDDENLY HIS ACCOUNT IS DELETED
Were they fake accounts that didn't want a serious discussion?
Or is something else happening?
Donald knows the family Law Office; his dad was tight with them; Evidence from the net shows that in his pre-POTUS days, he socialized with the son of one of my dad's partners.
(We only had a passing acquaintance when he entered the Manhattan market, but his dad knew the firm well)
What's happening?
OK, so I'm older than Donald, and I work at being "the class dummy". I passed on marrying into the NYC RE game -- glad I did, I would have been a young widower twice instead of once. Plus, I wouldn't have had several of my genius kids. HELL< I wouldn't have had 5 > But, I would have been a billionaire. OH WELL, I would also have probably died a few years ago...
LOL... ah, the silliness of Facebook and Vodka (explains why Don & I never got tight, he doesn't drink, and I always made money by drinking the other (RE) guy under the table. LOL while seeming sober.
YEP! This is what happens when you've buried two and are alone in a huge home, having just completed a chapter and are halfway through the next one, but don't want to think any deeper.
LOL... LONG-WINDED NONSENSE...
OH, have I posted that Karoline Leavitt is a cousin to Trump -- and both are cousins to my ONLY Grandson? (6 kids and only one could figure out how it's done. And she's also the only one to make more than me, and have more than me, at that age.)
OH BOY! This is getting long.
I discovered a few more things on the family genealogy -- that might prove a surprise to the Indiana Branch of my Bloodline.
I think my beautiful, delightful, fantastic, biological half-brother might have laughed -- had he lived long enough ... miss you, Jim, I had fantasized moving to your place and enjoying knowing your beautiful family.
Jim was a decade younger than me and apparently died a great-grandfather (NO, I did not check the exact dates, but close enough).
To match his achievement, I might need to live 20 or 30 more years. LOL, so it would make a Guinness World Record for longevity.
BOY! This is getting long. Guess I should copy it to my sporadic OUT FROM UNDER blog.
What do we have for predictions?
POPE LEO... 112th legitimate Pope in Malachy Prophecy... Rome earthquake ... it's in ST PAUL's Joke and the book that caused a Pope to quit in an attempt to change the prophecy.
World War Three -- those who oppose Israel & support Palestine, want World War Three in March 2034. They also want their families killed in the Muslim takeover.
NYC -- VOTE MAMDANI ... you deserve to crash and burn for not backing Israel.
I'm A DEMOCRAT, a former county chairman, and I'm telling you guys to support Donald. He hasn't got it totally correct ... but he's coming closer than anyone else.
We need a $25 minimum wage NOW! We need Universal Health care NOW!
I had the idea of abortion, but that's the mother's choice. Were it different, I'd have at least six more kids (who hate me...LOL).
YES! It is the "End-of-Times" the change in ages, the AGE OF AQUARIIUS, that the Maya acknowledged when they stopped their calendar.
It is the age of LOVE... but it will be a mess because those who hate want to own it. So, have fun. There is a Baby-Bust, and you were told a third of all life would die. How they knew that, I have yet to figure out. But we are living it. We do NOT need a nuclear war. But if those who support Palestine and Hamas insist, if those who support Russia over Ukraine insist, then they can have it.
Just don't live within 100 miles of New York City, Washington DC, Chicago, Los Angeles, or San Francisco. YOU'LL DIE sometime in the next decade.
OK, enough drinking rants ... enjoy ... or hate ... your choice.
Saturday, August 23, 2025
TRUMP CARD 2.4 has gone live
Sunday, August 17, 2025
Pity the Baby-Bust Generation
MILLENNIALS and GEN-Z aren't having children, and the issue is global. The population is going to shrink by a third, possibly in half. But that's OK. Technology (AI) will replace many basic jobs; AI might even replace authors and scientists -- it is already convincing people on Dating Apps that it's a person.
But, as a twice-widowed guy in his 80s, with kids scattered around the world as a necessary function of their successful careers, I'm living alone in a house that once had ten residents.
I'm reasonably healthy -- some might say surprisingly so -- I have my writing, can fix my own meals, and could be doing better. I go online and see pictures of a cousin and his wife of nearly 60 years traveling the world. Have cousins and siblings who have died, but I'm still going.
And that brings me to why I'm feeling pity for the Baby-Bust generation. They are, at some point, going to be alone. There will be no kids wandering the globe who can come home when their schedules permit. There will be nobody, but the state, to care for them. And if things go as they seem to be, with Social Security being below poverty levels and cuts to medical care -- who will care for them?
In Asia, they focus on children caring for parents, but their birthrates have reached 1.2 or 0.79, and there will be no family for them. We might have a WORLD WAR in 2033/4 ... Iran is striving with everything it has to bring about Armageddon. Russia wants to claim the nation that gave birth to it -- and the agrarian civilization the Bible called the Garden of Eden. It was a place where hunter-gatherer life was set aside, food was available when needed ... and just outside the house ... so people could socialize, talk, think, and develop the basis for the Wisdom, Knowldge, and Understanding that would sad to define the world of the Northern Hemisphere.
Pity those who will have nobody. Their knowledge will be lost to successive generations, unless they find a way to document it in a form that can not be erassed by an EMF pulse.
It is an interesting era. The Dawning of the Age of Aquarius has begun. The Maya foresaw it and ened their calendar with the December 2012 transition. The Prophets of old saw it as the End of Times. They foresaw the wars, death, and disruption ... but also saw it as the dawn of a new and happy time, a return to civilized life in Eden.
Pity the Baby-Bust Generation, when they are gone, nobody will have cause to remember them as individuals. They will simply be the generation that nuked the world and showed disrespect for life.
Pity the Baby-Busters and the societies that will vanish with them.
The lowest national Fertility Rates are below 1, when 2.2 is stability. Only the African nations are exceeding replacement. We came from Africa, and Africa is ready to replace us and begin again.
Thousands of years of ancestors struggled and survived for nothing -- their bloodlines were ended because a generation could not see fit to follow the first commandment to Adam & Eve when they were evicted from the Garden: 'Go forth and multiply.'
But that does not matter ... that's for those who wave the book and love to use it as a weapon to suppress humanity. They will kill their own.
Pity the Baby-Bust Generation who will live to see and experience the worst of the worst ... because they are doing nothing to create something better.
Friday, August 1, 2025
Do you have a BUCKET LIST?
BUCKET LIST -- a list of things people want to do or experience before they "kick the bucket."
Kinda weird the things you think after a vodka or two. In some lives, it could be depressing; in others, it's the thing that comes between doing things.
Book 4 of the second TRUMP CARD series is a dozen chapters or so in... Supposedly, there will be a six-minute eclipse on 2 August 2025 (tomorrow), which adds a mystical element to a book that points to the mysticism that drives Iran and its goal to start World War Three.
Chuck Schumer, Bernie Sanders, AOC, and others are striving to help Iran destroy humanity. Support Hamas, provide it with wealth, and allow it to kill Israel. It's not about the Jews. It's about killing Christians.
If Israel does not exist, the Christian version of the Messiah cannot happen -- their religion dies. For Jews, the Messiah is a leader, not a god, and it's a leader who can come as long as the Jewish bloodline exists. The Spanish Inquisition assured it would exist in the shadows of birth. The Jews who came with Columbus and ran into what is now the Arizona and New Mexico Territories, joined the Native American Bloodline, and are now awaiting their time, are protected.
Hamas is killing the people of Gaza; it uses them as human shields, starves them, and does all it can to end the bloodline that predates the entry of the Hamas ancestors into the region. They are JEWS whom Hamas has sworn to murder. And they are working at it, with the help of Western citizens who are next on the death list.
AH, but that is different from the BUCKET LIST>
Do you have one?
Make the record in Who's Who... do it in a dozen versions... or the few that Trump achieved.
Write books.
Retire at the age of 40 and live comfortably for the next 40 years.
Have grandchildren ... WOOPS... that requires children who want children, and today's generation wants to deny that to their parents. So it is not yours to achieve... even as it is achieved by others.
GEE, do we compare to Trump, who has four kids, eleven grandkids, and soon could become a great-grandfather; a billionaire, a POTUS, a hated man whose place in history is secured... ???
A baby brother, ten years younger, died when he became a great-grandfather. A baby sister died without being noteworthy. But is that bad? At least her line continues.
BUCKET LIST? What do we place on it... Win the LOTTERY? Be a bestselling author? Be rich, or be comfortable? Outlive two women, see two more do their thing, see one of them become rich, and have a life expectancy that exceeds 100 (based on her mother and her ethnic line longevity) ... but their daughter produces nobody who could support her when she is 100.
BUCKET LIST? What should be on it ???
Jump out of an airplane and drift to earth... done, done, done again at 17 and 18. LOL and oldest daughter did it too.
TRAVEL... yep... only India was missed ... and Africa... and South America... but were they of interest? Maybe they should be added after winning the lottery... and maybe having kids at 85 would be fun. What is the age of the oldest father? A mother is what? 55...
The world is ending and beginning. Should seeing the transition be on the list?
What is more important? The BUCKET LIST or another drink?
If genius children are failures at continuing the line, what can be on the list?
Saturday, July 5, 2025
Climate change vs end of times as cure.
Climate change is real, but also nonsense. The charts show the industrial age began a warming, but the temperatures went exactly parallel to population growth. So population is the cause and we are in a baby a bust that was predicted 2000 years ago ... Meaning climate will cool over next 40 years.
Go back, look at the LITTLE ICE AGE that preceded the warming (starting about 1300).
Change is natural.
Climate activists are pushing to return to that ice age.
To end warming, put solar and omnidirectional wind power on every structure or in large fields, let the population settle to a size people can accept for their families. Accept the genetic bottleneck.
Right now, warming is encouraging vegetative growth that consume CO2. NATURE WILL STABILIZE THINGS!
Of course, we can support Iran & North Korean nuclear warm dreams. That would create a nuclear winter and the climate issue ceases to be a problem. Human population falls to 1300 level, everyone freezes their butt off...isn't that the goal?
Or, maybe do away with nukes, and nuclear waste generating, accept the warmth, enjoy the sunshine as we work from home, move north, get tan when you want, have no heating cost, free electric running your house with a grid for backup rather than primary source, and focused on not killing each other for fun.
Saturday, June 28, 2025
TRUMP'S BIRTHRIGHT EXECUTIVE ORDER
There are many idiots posting that Trump's kids aren't citizens because of his EO.
BUT the idiots haven't read it, or know their idiot audience of followers are too stupid to read it.
The order is clear, mom is illegal and dad NOT a citizen. If one parent is a citizen, the child the child has birthright citizenship.
Executive Order 14160: Protecting the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship
Executive Order 14160, titled "Protecting the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship," was signed by President Donald Trump on January 20, 2025, his first day in office12. The executive order attempts to restrict birthright citizenship for certain children born in the United States.
Complete Text of the Executive Order
The full wording of Executive Order 14160 is as follows34:
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered:
Section 1. Purpose. The privilege of United States citizenship is a priceless and profound gift. The Fourteenth Amendment states: "All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside." That provision rightly repudiated the Supreme Court of the United States's shameful decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. (19 How.) 393 (1857), which misinterpreted the Constitution as permanently excluding people of African descent from eligibility for United States citizenship solely based on their race.
But the Fourteenth Amendment has never been interpreted to extend citizenship universally to everyone born within the United States. The Fourteenth Amendment has always excluded from birthright citizenship persons who were born in the United States but not "subject to the jurisdiction thereof." Consistent with this understanding, the Congress has further specified through legislation that "a person born in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof" is a national and citizen of the United States at birth, 8 U.S.C. 1401, generally mirroring the Fourteenth Amendment's text.
Among the categories of individuals born in the United States and not subject to the jurisdiction thereof, the privilege of United States citizenship does not automatically extend to persons born in the United States: (1) when that person's mother was unlawfully present in the United States and the father was not a United States citizen or lawful permanent resident at the time of said person's birth, or (2) when that person's mother's presence in the United States at the time of said person's birth was lawful but temporary (such as, but not limited to, visiting the United States under the auspices of the Visa Waiver Program or visiting on a student, work, or tourist visa) and the father was not a United States citizen or lawful permanent resident at the time of said person's birth.
Sec. 2. Policy. (a) It is the policy of the United States that no department or agency of the United States government shall issue documents recognizing United States citizenship, or accept documents issued by State, local, or other governments or authorities purporting to recognize United States citizenship, to persons: (1) when that person's mother was unlawfully present in the United States and the person's father was not a United States citizen or lawful permanent resident at the time of said person's birth, or (2) when that person's mother's presence in the United States was lawful but temporary, and the person's father was not a United States citizen or lawful permanent resident at the time of said person's birth.
(b) Subsection (a) of this section shall apply only to persons who are born within the United States after 30 days from the date of this order.
(c) Nothing in this order shall be construed to affect the entitlement of other individuals, including children of lawful permanent residents, to obtain documentation of their United States citizenship.
Sec. 3. Enforcement. (a) The Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Commissioner of Social Security shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that the regulations and policies of their respective departments and agencies are consistent with this order, and that no officers, employees, or agents of their respective departments and agencies act, or forbear from acting, in any manner inconsistent with this order.
(b) The heads of all executive departments and agencies shall issue public guidance within 30 days of the date of this order regarding this order's implementation with respect to their operations and activities.
Sec. 4. Definitions. As used in this order:
(a) "Mother" means the immediate female biological progenitor.
(b) "Father" means the immediate male biological progenitor.
Sec. 5. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:
(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or
(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
THE WHITE HOUSE,
January 20, 2025.
Key Provisions and Legal Status
The executive order targets two specific categories of births where citizenship would be denied56:
Children of undocumented mothers: When the mother was unlawfully present in the United States and the father was not a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident
Children of temporary visa holders: When the mother's presence was legal but temporary (tourist, student, work visas, or Visa Waiver Program participants) and the father was not a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident
The order was set to take effect for children born 30 days after January 20, 2025 (February 19, 2025)75, meaning it would not apply retroactively.
However, the executive order has been blocked by multiple federal courts since its issuance. Federal judges in Washington, Maryland, and Massachusetts have issued nationwide injunctions preventing its implementation, with judges calling the order "blatantly unconstitutional"18. As of June 2025, the order remains blocked by court injunctions, though the Supreme Court recently limited federal judges' ability to issue universal injunctions in this case910.